An from the Country wide Institutes of Wellness Country wide Institute

An from the Country wide Institutes of Wellness Country wide Institute on SUBSTANCE ABUSE Intramural Research System (NIDA-IRP). OH). Infrared light resources had been installed on the opposing wall space and directed at the detectors. One horizontal activity count was recorded with each interruption of a single light beam. For studies of drugs in combination with cocaine JHW007 (3 or 10 mg/kg) AHN2-005 (3 or 10 mg/kg) AHN1-055 (3 or 10 mg/kg) GBR 12909 (10 or 30 mg/kg) or vehicle were injected immediately before subjects were placed in the experimental chamber and saline or cocaine (5-60 mg/kg) was administered 4.5 (JHW007) 3.5 (AHN2-005) 2.5 (AHN1-055) or 2 (GBR 12909) hours later; the times for the N< 0.05. Data for the antagonism of cocaine’s effects by JHW007 (10 mg/kg) and AHN2-005 (10 mg/kg) are those from a preliminary report (Desai et al. 2005 and are included in this report for comparison with the other doses and other compounds. Stereotypy Measures. The effects of cocaine (5-60 mg/kg) alone and in combination with JHW007 (3 or 10 mg/kg) AHN2-005 (3 or 10 mg/kg) AHN1-055 (3 or 10 mg/kg) and GBR 12909 (10 or 30 mg/kg) on the frequencies of rearing sniffing and grooming were measured. Behavioral observations began 10 minutes after administration of cocaine or saline using a multiple-subject time-sampling procedure (Desai and Terry 2003 In brief behaviors were scored in groups of eight subjects. Within a group each subject was observed over nine periods of 1-minute each starting at an interval of 10 minutes after injections. Subjects in the group were observed in turn during the ensuing 8 minutes. After a 2-minute rest period the observations began again until each subject was observed nine times. In each 1-minute sampling period behavior was checked as either present or absent every 5 seconds (yielding a maximum of 12 positives per 1-minute observation period). Hence for each mouse the maximum number of occurrences of any behavior was 108 for the 90-minute observation period. The behaviors scored included rearing (body in a vertical or near-vertical plane with front paws off the floor) sniffing (multiple rhythmic movements Idarubicin HCl of the snout directed at the chamber floor walls or air) and grooming (strokes of the forepaws along face scratching with hind limbs anogenital licking and tail nibbling) as adapted from Desai and Terry (2003). No other forms of grossly observable behaviors were observed with any substantial frequency at any of the doses tested. Furthermore no significant IL6 interaction effects between combinations of cocaine and BZT analogs or GBR 12909 were observed on grooming behavior and consequently these data are not shown. Drugs. Drugs used in the present studies were: (-)-cocaine HCl (Sigma-Aldrich St. Louis MO) GBR 12909 [1-(2-[< 0.05) and time (< 0.05) and their interaction (< 0.05) were significant. At 3.0 mg/kg there was displacement of approximately 20% of bound [125I]RTI-121 at 5 minutes and 4.5 hours and no significant displacement was observed at other time points. At the higher doses there was increasing displacement up to 4.5 hours after injection with comparable levels at 8 hours after injection (values < 0.05). The displacement at 16 and 24 hours after injection was less than that at 8 Idarubicin HCl hours after 10.0 mg/kg or unchanged from that at 17.0 mg/kg. Both of these higher doses showed little displacement at 48 hours after injection (values > 0.05). Fig. 1. Time course of effects of JHW007 in vivo on specific [125I]RTI-121 binding in mice. Ordinates: specific [125I]RTI-121 binding expressed as a percentage of vehicle control; Abscissae: time after JHW007 injection. Data for the effects of JHW007 from 5 minutes … Effects of Cocaine Alone and in Combination with Nvalues < 0.05). Post-hoc analyses typically indicated Idarubicin HCl that 20-60 mg/kg cocaine significantly stimulated activity compared with control vehicle values (values < 0.05; Fig. 2 A-D; filled symbols). Fig. 2. Effects of pretreatment with JHW007 (A) AHN2-005 (B) AHN1-055 (C) or Idarubicin HCl GBR 12909 (D) on cocaine-induced increases in locomotor activity in mice. Ordinates: horizontal locomotor activity counts/minute. Abscissae:.