< 0. INT-0091 relative to the standard timing arm of AEWS0031 is usually 1.5 (1.12C2). This confirms the inferiority of non-IE made up of regimens buy (Glp1)-Apelin-13 as the risk of an event is usually 50% higher in those patients. The RRs are comparable for patients in the standard timing IE treatments. Table 2 EFS risk by treatment arm relative to standard treatment in AEWS0031. Univariate analysis identified three variables for concern in assessing the relative values of prognostic factors measured at study enrollment (Table 3): (1) individual age at enrollment (9 years, 10C17 years, and 18 years); (2) assigned treatment (intensive-timing IE, standard timing IE, and non-IE); and (3) tumor location (pelvis, nonpelvic bone). Table 3 Estimated risk coefficients on univariate analysis for 1444 patients treated in consecutive COG studies. Table 4 presents the results of the multivariate analysis including the estimated risk coefficients and 95% confidence intervals. Patient age at enrollment remains a significant predictor of EFS, and patients 18 years have greater than a twofold increased risk of an event (RR 2.14 (CI 1.59C2.87, = 0.000)) compared to patients 9 years. Table 4 Estimated risk coefficients for multivariate analysis excluding extraosseous patients (= 1231). Tumor location and assigned treatment also maintain their role as significant predictors of EFS in the presence buy (Glp1)-Apelin-13 of one another. Patients with a pelvic tumor have a higher event risk RR 1.34 (1.07C1.67) than patients with nonpelvic tumors. Assigned treatment was also an important predictor of end result and patients treated with non-IE made up of treatment buy (Glp1)-Apelin-13 had an increased event risk RR 1.84 (1.33C2.53). In our multivariate analysis, risk of event was unrelated to patient sex. The estimates of the effects of age, tumor site, and treatment did not differ significantly between trials (= 0.2587). We also evaluated whether tumor size and tumor location were both predictive of end result by performing a second multivariate analysis including only patients treated in INT-0091 and INT-0154. As shown in Table 5, age, tumor location, non-IE treatment, and tumor size were all significant predictors of EFS. In this analysis patients 18 years have a twofold event risk compared to more youthful patients (RR 1.97 (1.33C2.93)). Patients treated with a non-IE regimen have a 56% higher event risk than those treated with IE regimens (RR 1.56 (1.19C2.05)). Importantly, both pelvic tumor location and tumor size are predictors of EFS in the presence of each other. Patients with pelvic tumors have a 44% increased risk of an event RR 1.44 (1.07C1.92) while patients with tumors > 13?cm have an event risk twofold higher than patients with tumors < 8?cm RR 2.00 (1.43C2.79). Table 5 Estimated risk coefficients for patients treated in INT-0091 and INT-0154 (P9354) [excluding patients in AEWS0031] (= 716). 4. Conversation Previous studies have identified tumor location [3, 9C12] and age [9, 11C15] as consistent predictors of poor EFS. The two large series (>500 patients) [11, 13] assessing factors predicting relapse were both based on the European treatment methods. The chemotherapy treatment and local control methods in Europe differ from those in the United States. For instance, European investigators stratify patients based on tumor size [16, 17] and consider histological response to be the most important predictor of end result [16, 22]. Therefore, we thought it important to evaluate demographic, treatment, and tumor characteristics for their impact on EFS using a large dataset of US treated patients. Our MRX30 study experienced several.