After testing and comparing the spectral data with the reported spectral data95, it was confirmed that the five compounds were artanomaloide (66), 8-acetylarteminolide (67), arteminone (68 and 69), and dehydromatricarin (70). and structure, providing a reference for further research on tumour therapy. and parasitic diseases. In recent years, the study of FTIs has a certain breakthrough in the treatment of Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium premature aging and antiviral field16,17. According to the structural analysis and catalytic mechanism of FTase, FTIs can be divided into four types18: Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium (1) CAAX (C is cysteine, A is an aliphatic amino acid, and X is serine or methionine) tetrapeptides and their analogues; (2) farnesyl phosphonate (FPP) mimetic; (3) double substrate mimetic; (4) natural product. Natural products have been reported as a major source of lead compounds, and a variety of natural products that could inhibit the activity of FTase have been reported19. This article describes several FTIs extracted from natural materials and clarifies the current research progress (Tables 1C4). Table 1. Anticancer active ingredients of natural materials. L.Tecomaquinone I0.065?MCadelis et?al.32??Derivative1.1?MCadelis et?al.33??Derivative9.98?MCadelis et?al.34?L.Tectol2.09?MCadelis et?al.35??Derivative4.4?MCadelis et?al.36??Derivative1.8?MCadelis et?al.37?sp. spongeHalenaquinone0.93?MWang et?al.48??Derivative0.44?MWang et?al.49??Derivative0.057?MWang et?al.410??Derivative0.031?MWang et?al.411?SpongesXestosaprol C methylacetal4.34?MCao et?al.512??orhalquinone0.40?MCao et?al.513??3-Ketoadociaquinone A4.19?MCao et?al.514??3-Ketoadociaquinone B9.27?MCao et?al.515?sp.UCF 116A1.2?MHara et?al.717??UCF 116B0.6?MHara et?al.718??UCF 116C100?MHara et?al.719?sp. FO-3929Andrastin A24.9?MOmura et?al.1252??Andrastin B47.1?MOmura et?al.1253??Andrastin C13.3?MOmura et?al.1254?L.8-epi-xanthatin64?MKim et?al.2062??8-epi-xanthatin epoxide58?MKim et?al.2063?Unidentified fungusCP-2259176?MMoorthy et?al.2164??CP-26311420?MMoorthy et?al.2165?sp.Zaragozic acid D30.6?MTanimoto et?al.2893??Zaragozic acid D3 8-methylester3.7?MTanimoto et?al.2894?sp.Actinoplanic acid A0.23?MSingh et?al.2995??Actinoplanic acid B0.05?MSingh et?al.30 Open in a separate window Table 4. Anticancer active ingredients of natural materials. sp.Pepticinnamin E42?MHinterding et?al.3497??Derivative67?MThutewohl et?al.3598?sp.fusidienol A1.8?MSingh et?al.37100?sp.Barceloneic acid A40?MJayasuriya38101?and sp. FO-3684Kurasoin A59?MUchida et?al.42 Open in a separate window 3.?Natural products FTIs 3.1. Quinones Quinones are a class of chemical constituents with a quinoid structure, which are mainly classified into four types: Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, phenanthrenequinone, Rabbit Polyclonal to RAB38 and anthraquinone. This article summarises the inhibition of FTase by natural products and their derivatives isolated from L., sponges, sp., and sp. Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium Sponge have a better inhibitory effect on FTase, especially compounds 9 and 10, for their similarity FPP. There are many types and a large number of anthraquinones, including compounds 1 to 6, 11 to 14 (Figures 1 and ?and22). Open in a separate window Figure 1. Chemical structures of quinones extracts from (a) L. and their derivatives (1C6); (b) sponges and their derivatives (7C14). Open in a separate window Figure 2. Chemical structures of quinones extracts from (a) (15); (b) sp. (16C18); (c) (19C30). 3.1.1. L L. belongs to the family, which is native to Myanmar, Thailand, India, Indonesia, Laos, etc. Currently, it is widely introduced into Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and Taiwan31. It plays an important role in pharmacological effects such as antibacterial, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, and wound healing32,33 (Table 4). Tecomaquinone I was originally extracted from L. by Romanis43. It is not only inhibited human and FTase (IC50?=?0.065 and 0.112?M), but also exhibited moderate activity inhibition against (IC50?=?3.44??0.20?M). Cadelis et?al.3 synthesised and analysed a series of derivatives of tecomaquinone I. They found that derivative 2 showed good inhibitory activity against human and FTase (IC50?=?1.1 and 2.7?M), but the inhibitory activity of derivative 3 with the longer side chain added at the same position was significantly reduced. Sandermann and Dietrichs44 found a new natural product from L., tectol (4). Tectol showed moderate inhibition against FTase (IC50?=?2.09?M)3. Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium Cadelis et?al.3 synthesised and analysed the derivatives of tectol. They found, as opposed to tecomaquinone I, the derivative with longer side chain (6) has stronger inhibitory activity (IC50?=?1.8?M). They believed that tecomaquinone I can be used as a novel scaffold to develop more effective FTIs3. 3.1.2. Sponge Sponge belongs to and is distributed in the ocean, lakes and streams. Terpenoids and terpenoids extracted from sponges play an important role in combating malaria, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral45. Schmitz and Bloor46 isolated halenaquinone (7) from sp. sponge, synthesised the corresponding derivatives on the basis of them, and detected that these inhibitors have certain cytotoxicity. Cao et?al.5 isolated many halenaquinone-type polyketides from marine sponges of the genus by bioassay directed fractionation techniques. Wang et?al.4 synthesised some derivatives of halenaquinone, evaluated a series of biological.